GASES

Description

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS

which stands for Liquefied Petroleum Gas, is obtained from the combination of butane and propane during the distillation of crude oil, and it is said that its production costs for countries around the same as gasoline production. This fuel is normally in the form of gas; But with a slight decrease in temperature and increase in pressure, it turns into a liquid so that it is easier to transport and store. LPG gas is used in many countries as an alternative fuel to gasoline and diesel. LPG gas is called Auto Gas in some regions, which is sold as a standard fuel for cars.

There is no need for high pressure tanks to store liquefied gas, which reduces the price of its equipment and lowers its start-up cost. We must know that in equal weight, LPG gas has a higher calorific value even than gasoline; But this case ends in equal volume in favor of gasoline.?

LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS

LNG is a natural gas that has been temporarily transformed into a liquid state for storage or transportation in large volumes.

LNG liquid natural gas mostly includes methane (more than 90%) and small amounts of ethane , propane , butane and some other heavy alkanes . The LNG refining process can be designed in a way. That the final product produced contains 100% methane .

LNG has a volume equal to 1/600 of the volume of natural gas in gaseous state. Liquid gas is odorless, colorless, non-toxic and non-corrosive. LNG can have some risks. It includes flaming, freezing and suffocation. The energy density of LNG is 60% of diesel fuel .

The condensation process includes the removal of certain compounds such as dust, acid gases, helium , water and heavy hydrocarbons . which cause problems for gas in the downward flow (gas transfer in pipes). Liquid natural gas (LNG) is cooled at a pressure equal to atmospheric pressure and a temperature of -162 degrees Celsius after removing the above . (Maximum gas pressure for transmission applications is 25 kPa or 3.6 PSI ).

Reducing the volume of liquefied natural gas (LNG) in situations where pipelines are not available. It saves money on long routes. In cases where it is not economical or operational to transport liquefied natural gas through a pipeline , it can be transported through specially designed liquefied natural gas ships or road tankers.

In consumer markets, LNG turns into gas again. The density of LNG varies from approximately 0.41 to 0.5 kg/liter, which is a function of temperature, pressure, and composition. The heating value of LNG at the highest level reaches 24 megajoules per liter at a temperature of -164 degrees Celsius . The lowest heating rate of LNG is 21 megajoules per liter.